Following an independent review, public consultation and advice from the GM Crop Advisory Committee, South Australia is to lift the moratorium on growing GM food crops in all parts of mainland South Australia, although the moratorium is to remain on Kangaroo Island. The moratorium, Genetically Modified Crops Management Act 2004, and its associated regulations were enacted in 2004 to prohibit the cultivation of GM food crops in the whole of South Australia. The recommendation to lift the moratorium comes after an independent review undertaken in 2018 where it was estimated that the moratorium has cost South Australian grain farmers at least AUS$33 million since the 2004 enactment.